\ufeffHomework 3: Professor Ozer<\/p>\n
October 29th<\/p>\n
Question 1 <\/p>\n
Which of these countries has the most stable voter turnout rate? Why?<\/p>\n
United States of Coconut has the most stable voter turnout rate. For this country the variation between elections is smaller, that is 2 standard deviations about the mean hence more stable compared to the other countries with 10 standard deviations about the mean.<\/p>\n
b. Calculate the 95% confidence interval for each country. Please report them in the<\/p>\n
following format: [lower bound, upper bound]<\/p>\n
A 95% confidence limit refers to 2 standard deviations about the mean. <\/p>\n
Country Upper bound Lower bound <\/p>\n
Ozeristan 58.76 41.24<\/p>\n
Democratic Republic of Fisher 68.76 51.24<\/p>\n
United States of Coconut71.75 68.25<\/p>\n
Does the evidence support Hypothesis 1? Why or why not?<\/p>\n
The evidence rejects hypothesis 1 since from the evidence the Democratic Republic of Fisher has a higher mean voter turnout on average that the Ozeristan considering they have a similar standard deviation and sample size used is the same size.<\/p>\n
Does the evidence support Hypothesis 2? Why or why not?<\/p>\n
The evidence supports hypothesis 2 since the United States of Coconut has a higher mean voter turnout on average than the other two countries.<\/p>\n
What would happen if we increased the sample size to 10 elections? 100 elections?<\/p>\n
Considering the sample is a representation of the general population, the mean voter turnout and standard deviation will remain the same, same values as before. The initial sample is a representation of the general population thus the results remain unchanged.<\/p>\n
Question 2<\/p>\n
a. What does it mean for something to be \u201cstatistically significant\u201d?<\/p>\n
It means that the activity did not occur by accident and hence the probability of that event occurring is usually low (p<0.5) and hence when it occurs it is not by chance.<\/p>\n
b. What does it mean for something to be \u201csubstantively significant\u201d?<\/p>\n
It means the event or activity has a size large enough to have meaning that is the event does not only have a low probability of occurring but also has a size that could have an impact on a study\/research. <\/p>\n
c. If something is statistically significant, does that mean its also substantively<\/p>\n
significant? Why or why not?<\/p>\n
No. any event can be statistically significant as long as it had a low probability of occurring (p<0.5) but for it to be substantively significant it must also possess a size large enough to have meaning. Thus, all substantively significant events are statistically significant but not all statistically significant events are substantively significant. <\/p>\n
d. Why are null findings still important and relevant? <\/p>\n
Null findings and hypothesis, in general, are still important and relevant as they provide the researcher with a description to test and hence the experiment has a guiding tool. They are very important especially in novel experiments where the researcher does not know what to expect. <\/p>\n
Question 3 <\/p>\n
Calculate a difference of means test.<\/p>\n
Using the formulas;<\/p>\n
Results <\/p>\n
Difference -25<\/p>\n
Standard error 2.121<\/p>\n
95% confidence limit -29.1833 to -20.8167<\/p>\n
t-statistic -11.785<\/p>\n
DF 198<\/p>\n
Significance level P<0.0001<\/p>\n
b. Is there a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p<.05)? Why?<\/p>\n
There is a statistically significant difference between the two means since the p-value is below 0.05. hence the null hypothesis is rejected. <\/p>\n
Bonus question! (.5 points)<\/p>\n
Who\/what are you going as for Halloween?<\/p>\n
I am thinking about going as myself but have not yet decided, still have a Lilo and stitch costume theme (Disney characters) at the back of my head <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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