orgin of the Earth

Origin of the Earth

Student’s Name

Institution

Origin of the Earth

The solar system is made up of several components, which mainly include different types of moons and as well as planets such as Neptune, Uranus, Jupiter, and the earth. According to researchers, the earth is estimated to be about 4.54 billion years (Shamanin, Bedenko, & Gubaydulin, 2015). The origin of the earth has been the subject of intense research and analysis, which has led to different theories and explanations, such as Edwin Hobble’s hypothesis as well as Emanuel Kant’s nebular hypothesis.

Geology plays a significant role in explaining the formation of the other. Geology helps to differentiate myths from facts by studying different components of materials such as rocks found on the earth’s surface. Through the analysis of materials found on the earth, they can explain the age of the earth as well as the processes which led to its formation. Over time, the different technological advancements have led to the improvement of the understanding of the earth by the geologists. Technological advancements have enabled them t improve on earlier studies and theories on the formation of the earth. One of the most solid explanations which help to outline the origin of the earth is evolution. One of the most influential persons who has made significant contributions in understanding the origin of the earth was Edwin Hubble. Hubble was an American astronomer who made significant findings of the earth as well as other components of the solar system in the 1920s (Dyson,2014). Hubble discovered that the galaxies, as well as different stars, were moving away from the earth in different directions. He also observed that the movement was characterized by increasing velocities. The discoveries made by Hobble were an indication that the universe was continually expanding.

Hobble’s findings were instrumental in the development of a different hypothesis. One of the hypotheses made from the findings was that at one point, the universe was in a condensed form. The deductions made from Hubble’s discovery also led to the suggestion that the energy and matter observed in the universe were formerly in the way of a condensed and minimal mass, which was in high temperatures. As a result, a huge explosion occurred. The explosion was known as the Big Bang. The explosion led to the explosion of energy and matter in different directions. Various researchers and geologists have since adopted the Big Bang hypothesis. Scientists assert that the expansion of the universe, which was caused by the Big Bang led to the led to the formation of clouds. The clouds then rotated and condensed and formed different galaxies, including the Milky Way galaxy. Stars were formed as a result of nuclear reactions, which occurred as a result of the compression of the material in the cloud. The sun was among the stars that were formed in the process. The formation of the sun occurred at the center of the flattened spinning disk of material. The dust which was founded in the spinning disked collided with each other and subsequently led to the formation of small grains, which ultimately joined to form large bodies that were known as planetesimals. The planetesimals differed in sizes, with some being large were others were small. Eventually, the planetesimals consolidated to form nine planets as well as their satellites. The earth was one of the gaseous and rocky planets which were formed as a result of the coalescing of the planetesimals.

The nebular hypothesis offers an alternative explanation from that offered by EdwinHobble on the formation of the earth. Immanuel Kant developed the nebular hypothesis. Kant’s development of the theory was an improvement that was made from earlier work on the same by a Swedish scientist known as Emanuel Swedenborg (Losch, 2016). The nebular hypothesis is also one of the most widely accepted hypotheses on the formation of the earth as well as the solar system by scientists across the globe. The nebular hypothesis explains the origin of the earth by offering a broader view of the formation of the solar system, which includes the sun, other planets, and other subjects in the solar system.

According to the nebular hypothesis, the earth, the sun, and other planets found in the solar system were originally in the form of giant molecular dust and gas. However, approximately 4.57 billion years ago, the giant molecular was distorted, and it began to collapse (Perryman, 2011). The collapse of the giant molecular was due to the impact of shocks waves that could have come from a supernova or the effects of a passing star. The collapsed gas particles then moved to denser regions where they collect together. The increase in the amount off particles in the denser regions lead to the conservation of momentum, which eventually led to the rotation, which was characterized by increased heat and pressure. A huge number of the materials formed a huge ball in the middle while the other material led formed disk, which circled the materials at the center. The material in the middle led to the formation of the sun while the material formed the protoplanetary disc.

The increase in the material at the disc surrounding the sun led to the formation of larger bodies, which were known as the planets. The high pressure and temperature found near the sun, the only materials which could exist near the sun, were only silicates and metals in a solid-state. The silicates and metals eventually led to the formation of the terrestrial planets, which include planets such as the earth, mars, venus, and mercury (Righter, & O’brien, 2011). On the other hand, larger planets, which included Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, and Jupiter, were formed away from the sun in places where the cooler temperatures allowed for the volatile icy compounds to form larger solids.

Materials accumulated on the earth’s surface without particular order. The earth’s surface was originally molten due to the effects of the gravitational collapse, radioactive heating as well as high temperatures. As a result, the light liquids remained on top of the earth’s surface, while the denser liquids slid into the inside of the earth’s surface. Earth was eventually formed as a result of intrusive and volcanic activity. The early form of the earth then cooled through convection. Oceans and other water bodies were formed as a result of the cooling of the water’s favor found on the earth’s surface.

Conclusion

The origin of the earth often draws increased attention from researchers and scientists alike. Technology has enabled the improvement in understanding of the origin of the other over the years. Edwin Hobbles’ discovery on the stars moving away from the earth laid a key foundation on theories that helped to explain the formation of the earth. Hobble’s hypothesis was used as a major part of the Big Bang theory, which helped to explain the formation of the earth. Emmanuel Kant’s nebular hypothesis further helped to provide an explanation that helped to reveal the formation of the earth.

References

Dyson, M. J. (2014). Space and astronomy: Decade by decade. Infobase Publishing.

Losch, A. (2016). Kant’s wager. Kant’s strong belief in extra-terrestrial life, the history of this question, and its challenge for theology today. International journal of astrobiology, 15(4), 261-270.

Perryman, M. (2011). The Origin of the Solar System. arXiv preprint arXiv:1111.1286.

Righter, K., & O’brien, D. P. (2011). Terrestrial planet formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(48), 19165-19170.

Shamanin, I., Bedenko, S., & Gubaydulin, I. (2015). Advantages of Thorium Nuclear Fuel for Thermal-Neutron Reactors. In Advanced Materials Research (Vol. 1084, pp. 275-279). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.